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Eschewing the Binary: Sex and Gender Science in Human and Non-human Animal Research

Edited by:

Gillian Einstein, PhD, University of Toronto, Canada
Reubs Walsh, PhD, University of Toronto, Canada

Submission Status: Open   |   Submission Deadline: 31 March 2025


Biology of Sex Differences is calling for submissions to our Collection on Eschewing the Binary: Sex and Gender Science in Human and Non-human Animal Research.

About the Collection

PB Medawar, the Nobel Prize winning immunologist, said, “If politics is the art of the possible, research is surely the art of the soluble.” For too long gender has been considered politics and sex, scientific research. However, we are beginning to realize that gender and sex are deeply intertwined within human biology across many cultures. It is no longer either/or; there is now an acknowledged role of gender – or social influences including social roles, social structures within cultures and institutions, and the social perception of self in differences that appear at first glance to be attributable to biological sex alone. 

This Collection in Biology of Sex Differences is an occasion to highlight recent research and emerging perspectives on the interaction of sex and gender as well as to convene a conversation about how the social influences the biological, and in turn, how that interaction affects individuals. 

An important goal of this Collection is to generate ideas to reconcile differences of opinion. Another goal is to move away from a dichotomized Biology OR Culture toward Biology AND/WITH/THROUGH Culture, Culture AND/WITH/THROUGH Biology. Manuscripts addressing theoretical and methodological considerations for the field from any discipline will be welcome, in addition to those reporting experimental results. In this spirit, we invite individuals with different opinions to collaborate, and welcome submissions proposing manuscripts formatted in a way to facilitate the readers’ comprehension of the discussion that is occurring across sex and gender science, including in a point-counterpoint format.

Pertinent topics would include:

How does social become biological and vice versa?
Examples of gender influences and/or gender identification in animal models, or animal models emulating aspects of human gender?
Possible effects of gonadal hormones depending on karyotype – or not
Methods and measures allowing the study of sex and gender together, perhaps as an integrated gender/sex construct, or as individual variables disaggregated from gender/sex?

There are currently no articles in this collection.

Submission Guidelines

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This Collection welcomes submissions of original research and review articles. Should you wish to submit a different article type, please read our submission guidelines to confirm that type is accepted by the journal. 

Articles for this Collection should be submitted via our submission system, Snapp. Please, select the appropriate Collection title “Eschewing the Binary: Sex and Gender Science in Human and Non-human Animal Research" under the “Details” tab during the submission stage.

Articles will undergo the journal’s standard peer-review process and are subject to all the journal’s standard policies. Articles will be added to the Collection as they are published.

The Editors have no competing interests with the submissions which they handle through the peer-review process. The peer-review of any submissions for which the Editors have competing interests is handled by another Editorial Board Member who has no competing interests.